Trees of Alabama

Contents

Introduction
1 How to Identify Trees
2 Identification Features
3 Guides to the Identification of Trees
     Guides to Gymnosperm (Cypress and Pine) Families
     Guides to Angiosperm (all other) Families
4 Species Accounts of Alabama Trees
     Cypress Family (Cupressaceae)
          [1]Atlantic White-cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides)
          [2]Eastern Redcedar (Juniperus virginiana)
          [3]Pondcypress (Taxodium ascendens)
          [4]Baldcypress (Taxodium distichum)
     Pine Family (Pinaceae)
          [5]Shortleaf Pine (Pinus echinata)
          [6]Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii)
          [7]Spruce Pine (Pinus glabra)
          [8]Longleaf Pine (Pinus palustris)
          [9]Pond Pine (Pinus serotina)
          [10]Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus)
          [11]Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda)
          [12]Virginia Pine (Pinus virginiana)
          [13]Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)
     Moscatel Family (Adoxaceae)
          [14]Rusty Blackhaw (Viburnum rufidulum)
     Sweetgum Family (Altingiaceae)
          [15]Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)
     Cashew Family (Anacardiaceae)
          [16]Smoketree (Cotinus obovatus)
          [17]Winged Sumac (Rhus coppallinum)
          [18]Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra)
          [19]Poison-sumac (Toxicodendron vernix)
     Custard-Apple Family (Annonaceae)
          [20]Pawpaw (Asimina triloba)
     Holly Family (Aquifoliaceae)
          [21]Large Gallberry (Ilex coriacea)
          [22]Possumhaw (Ilex decidua)
          [23]American Holly (Ilex opaca)
          [24]Yaupon (Ilex vomitoria)
     Ginseng Family (Araliaceae)
          [25]Devil's Walkingstick (Aralia spinosa)
     Birch Family (Betulaceae)
          [26]Hazel Alder (Alnus serrulata)
          [27]Black Birch (Betula lenta)
          [28]River Birch (Betula nigra)
          [29]Hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana)
          [30]Hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana)
     Catalpa Family (Bignoniaceae)
          [31]Southern Catalpa (Catalpa bignonioides)
     Strawberry-Shrub Family (Calycanthaceae)
          [32]Sweetshrub (Calycanthus floridus)
     Cannabis and Hop Family (Cannabaceae)
          [33]Sugarberry (Celtis laevigata)
          [34]Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis)
          [35]Georgia Hackberry (Celtis tenuifolia)
     Dogwood Family (Cornaceae)
          [36]Alternate-leaf Dogwood (Cornus alternifolia)
          [37]Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida)
          [38]Water Tupelo (Nyssa aquatica)
          [39]Swamp Tupelo (Nyssa biflora)
          [40]Blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica)
     Ebony Family (Ebenaceae)
          [41]Common Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana)
     Heath Family (Ericaceae)
          [42]Sourwood (Oxydendrum arboreum)
          [43]Sparkleberry (Vaccinium arboretum)
     Spurge Family (Euphorbiaceae)
          [44]Chinese Tallowtree (Triadica sebifera)
     Bean or Pea Family (Fabaceae)
          [45]Mimosa (Albizia julibrissin)
          [46]Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis)
          [47]Honeylocust (Gleditsia triancanthos)
          [48]Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)
     Beech Family (Fagaceae)
          [49]American Chestnut (Castanea dentata)
          [50]Allegheny Chinkapin (Castanea pumila)
          [51]American Beech (Fagus grandifolia)
          [52]White Oak (Quercus alba)
          [53]Bluff Oak (Quercus austrina)
          [54]Scarlet Oak (Quercus coccinea)
          [55]Durand Oak (Quercus durandii)
          [56]Southern Red Oak (Quercus falcata)
          [57]Laurel Oak (Quercus hemisphaerica)
          [58]Bluejack Oak (Quercus incana)
          [59]Turkey Oak (Quercus laevis)
          [60]Swamp Laurel Oak (Quercus laurifolia)
          [61]Overcup Oak (Quercus lyrata)
          [62]Sand Post Oak (Quercus margarettiae)
          [63]Blackjack Oak (Quercus marilandica)
          [64]Swamp Chestnut Oak (Quercus michauxii)
          [65]Chestnut Oak (Quercus montana)
          [66]Chinkapin Oak (Quercus muehlenbergii)
          [67]Water Oak (Quercus nigra)
          [68]Cherrybark Oak (Quercus pagoda)
          [69]Willow Oak (Quercus phellos)
          [70]Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra)
          [71]Shumard Oak (Quercus shumardii)
          [72]Post Oak (Quercus stellata)
          [73]Nuttall Oak (Quercus texana)
          [74]Black Oak (Quercus velutina)
          [75]Live Oak (Quercus virginiana)
     Walnut Family (Juglandaceae)
          [76]Water Hickory (Carya aquatica)
          [77]Bitternut Hickory (Carya cordiformis)
          [78]Pignut Hickory (Carya glabra)
          [79]Pecan (Carya illinoinensis)
          [80]Shellbark Hickory (Carya laciniosa)
          [81]Nutmeg Hickory (Carya myristiciformis)
          [82]Red Hickory (Carya ovalis)
          [83]Shagbark Hickory (Carya ovata)
          [84]Sand Hickory (Carya pallida)
          [85]Mockernut Hickory (Carya tomentosa)
          [86]Butternut (Juglans cinerea)
          [87]Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
     Laurel Family (Lauraceae)
          [88]Redbay (Persea borbonia)
          [89]Sassafras (Sassafras albidum)
     Magnolia Family (Magnoliaceae)
          [90]Tulip-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera)
          [91]Cucumbertree (Magnolia acuminata)
          [92]Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)
          [93]Bigleaf Magnolia (Magnolia macrophylla)
          [94]Umbrella Magnolia (Magnolia tripetala)
          [95]Sweetbay Magnolia (Magnolia virginiana)
     Hibiscus or Mallow Family (Malvaceae)
          [96]Basswood (Tilia americana)
     Mahogany Family (Meliaceae)
          [97]Chinaberry (Melia azedarach)
     Fig Family (Moraceae)
          [98]Osage-orange (Maclura pomifera)
          [99]Red Mulberry (Morus rubra)
     Wax-Myrtle Family (Myricaceae)
          [100]Southern Bayberry (Morella cerifera)
     Olive Family (Oleaceae)
          [101]Fringe-tree (Chionanthus virginicus)
          [102]White Ash (Fraxinus americana)
          [103]Green Ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica)
          [104]Devilwood (Osmanthus americanus)
     Sycamore Family (Platanaceae)
          [105]Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis)
     Buckthorn Family (Rhamnaceae)
          [106]Carolina Buckthorn (Frangula caroliniana)
     Rose Family (Rosaceae)
          [107]Downy Serviceberry (Amelanchier arborea)
          [108]Hawthorns (Crataegus spp.)
          [109]Southern Crabapple (Malus angustifolia)
          [110]Chickasaw Plum (Prunus angustifolia)
          [111]Cherry Laurel (Prunus caroliniana)
          [112]Mexican Plum (Prunus mexicana)
          [113]Black Cherry (Prunus serotina)
     Rue Family (Rutaceae)
          [114]Hercules’-club (Zanthoxylum clava-herculis)
     Willow or Poplar Family (Salicaceae)
          [115]Eastern Cottonwood (Populus deltoides)
          [116]Black Willow (Salix nigra)
     Soapberry Family (Sapindaceae)
          [117]Yellow Buckeye (Aesculus flava)
          [118]Ohio Buckeye (Aesculus glabra)
          [119]Florida Maple (Acer floridanum)
          [120]Chalk Maple (Acer leucoderme)
          [121]Boxelder (Acer negundo)
          [122]Red Maple (Acer rubrum)
          [123]Silver Maple (Acer saccharinum)
          [124]Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum)
     Sapodilla Family (Sapotaceae)
          [125]Gum Bumelia (Sideroxylon lanuginosum)
          [126]Buckthorn Bumelia (Sideroxylon lycioides)
     Star-Vine Family (Schisandraceae)
          [127]Anise-tree (Illicium floridanum)
     Figwort Family (Scophulariaceae)
          [128]Royal Paulownia (Paulownia tomentosa)
     Quassia Family (Simaroubaceae)
          [129]Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
     Bladdernut Family (Staphyleaceae)
          [130]American Bladdernut (Staphylea trifolia)
     Storax Family (Styracaceae)
          [131]Carolina Silverbell (Halesia tetraptera)
          [132]American Snowbell (Styrax americanus)
          [133]Bigleaf Snowbell (Styrax grandifolius)
     Sweetleaf Family (Symplocaceae)
          [134]Sweetleaf (Symplocos tinctoria)
     Tea Family (Theaceae)
          [135]Loblolly-bay (Gordonia lasianthus)
     Elm Family (Ulmaceae)
          [136]Water-elm (Planera aquatica)
          [137]Winged Elm (Ulmus alata)
          [138]American Elm (Ulmus americana)
          [139]Slippery Elm (Ulmus rubra)
Appendix One – Winter Twigs
Glossary
Bibliography
Index